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Digital Learning Resources. Florida attained statehood on March 3, 1845, becoming the 27 th state to join the union. The allure of Disney, Universal, and the other theme parks in Orlando can’t be dismissed because they contribute a true mark of fantasy to Florida’s culture. More than 100 Native American tribes, such as the Seminoles and Apalachee, lived around Florida when the first Spaniards arrived on its shores in 1513. Native American resistance was finally suppressed, however, and within about a decade most of the Seminole had been transferred to Oklahoma. Christmas Truce of 1914. A good resource about Florida government and history can be seen here. The British were next to seek control over Florida’s lush lands in the 1700s. J.J. Daniel. Dust Bowl. Florida's discovery by explorer Juan Ponce De Leon is celebrated up and down the state's east coast, from St. Augustine, America's oldest city, to Melbourne Beach, where he first landed. The early history of Europeans in Florida reflects the conflicts of the Spanish, French, and English crowns for empire and wealth. Under the impression that Florida was one of the islands in the Bahamas archipelago, he initially made no attempt to found a settlement and did not appear to have ventured much north of present-day West Palm Beach. During the Civil War, Florida was quick to secede to the Confederacy, but saw little fighting. In 1564 a group of French Protestants (Huguenots) who originally had been led by Jean Ribault established Fort Caroline on the banks of the River of May (St. Johns River), near modern Jacksonville. In September 1897 The Florida Times-Union and the Florida Citizen consolidated to form The Florida Times-Union and Citizen. Since then, Florida has been primarily about fantastical theme parks, space launches, beach holidays, and fun in the sun. CC0 . The following articles were written by Dr. Howard. Enjoy what's here and please check back later when illustrations have been included for each of these articles. Today, well over 10 percent of Florida’s population is Hispanic, giving the state a great mix of cultural identity. Florida History Day; For Students; Suggested Topics; Suggested Topics 2020–21 Suggested Topics. Florida declared its secession from the Union on January 10, 1861, and was one of the seven original Confederate States. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. World War II and Post-War Boom World War II spurred economic development in Florida. JFS is an outgrowth of the Center for Interdisciplinary Writing and Research (CIWR) at Daytona State College in Daytona Beach, Florida. They left behind artifacts and archeological evidence. Offers a chronological timeline of important dates, events, and milestones in Florida history. J.J. Daniel unfortunately succumbed to the fever and died on October 2, 1888. Guiding ships through the treacherous waters of the Caribbean, the historic lighthouse on the port of Key West operated from 1847 until 1979. US President Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish Florida but this only sparked the First Seminole War in 1817, which would pit settler against Indian for the next 50 years. The Spanish subsequently ceded Florida to the United States in a treaty that was ratified in 1821, and in 1832 the Seminole were made to accept a treaty that called for their removal to Oklahoma. WWI. Ponce de Leon's Fountain of Youth Archaeological Park in St. Augustine is a good place to learn this part of Florida history. It was admitted as the 27th state in 1845. Its two bordering states are Georgia and Alabama. Women first organized and collectively fought for … The settlement was abandoned in 1561, following its destruction by a hurricane. by Frank D. Howard, Ph.D. and his family. The Spaniards saw this group as a threat to their sea-lane from Havana to Spain. Florida History Articles. Florida’s first theme parks arrived in the 1930s with Cyprus Gardens, but it wasn’t until 1971, when Walt Disney chose central Florida for his dream, that this state was truly revitalized. By clicking "Sign Up" or "Sign In with Facebook" I acknowledge and, 3 Ways to Get Wet and Wild in Myrtle Beach, 14 Landmarks That Should Be Considered World Wonders, These Are the Most Peaceful Countries on the Planet, Deserts in Bloom: 6 Spots for Springtime Wildflower Watching, Yoho National Park Is the Most Incredible Place You've Never Heard Of. The name Seminole evolved from cimarrón (Spanish: “wild, unruly, runaway”). Prehistoric Native People. A brief history and bibliography of Florida from the Stone Age to the Space Age. In 1845 Florida became the 27th state in the US, with a population of about 90,000 people. Florida Time shares history lessons, personal memories and more about the state of Florida. The railroads opened the floodgates to visitors from across the US. It offers free online access to transcribed Florida history documents. Florida's written history begins with the arrival of Europeans; the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León in 1513 made the first textual records. Hernando de Soto came in 1539, landing somewhere between Fort Myers and Tampa, and led another disastrous expedition, this time through western Florida. US politics. The newspaper articles premiered in January 2014. Because he landed on the peninsula during the Easter season (Spanish: Pascua Florida [“Season of Flowers”]) and because of the vegetation he found there, Ponce de León named the area Florida. Battle of Verdun. Growth of Florida's Railroads; Spanish-American War for Cuba's Independence; Florida's Land Boom; Great Depression and the New Deal; Florida During World War II; Cape Canaveral: Launchpad to the Stars; Civil Rights Movement in Florida; Supplemental Florida Reading Passages. It was the First Seminole War (1817–18), however, that marked the beginning of armed conflict between Native Americans in Florida and the U.S. government. The Hispanic element provides much of the excitement in Florida, in sharp contrast to the state’s geriatric constituency. The so-called “thirteen original colonies” that would lead to the creation of the United States exclude the fourteenth and fifteenth colonies of East Florida and West Florida. Expenditures for economic development brought prosperity as well as loyalty from most Floridians during the American Revolution, when the area was used as a base for attacks on colonial coastal cities. Ball at Mar-a-Lago attended by mask-less conservative personalities. Florida's economic bubble burst in 1926, when money and credit ran out, and banks and investors abruptly stopped trusting the "paper" millionaires. Stock Market Crash of 1929. The history of Florida can be traced to when the first Native Americans began to inhabit the peninsula as early as 14,000 years ago. US politics. Florida history will be placed in the wider context of American and Atlantic World history. The first people to enter the Florida peninsula around 12,000 years ago were not explorers, adventurers, or settlers,but nomads following the big game animals upon which their survival depended. Famous explorer Juan Ponce de Leon was first on the scene, chasing tales of legendary El Dorado gold and eternal youth. There’s much more to Florida than its stereotype of retirees, ‘snow birds’, celebrities, and people in need of a winter tan. IMMIGRATION. Juan Ponce de León ventured to the peninsula in 1513 and 1521. Hernando de Soto in Florida, 16th-century engraving by Theodor de Bry. Exhibits at the Museum of Florida History explore more than 12,000 years of Florida history. Journal of Florida Studies is an interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the study and appreciation of Florida. Around the same time, the 1960’s Space Race centered itself at Cape Canaveral, adding a different economic boost and prestige. For the 250 years following the establishment of St. Augustine, Florida was little more than a wilderness in terms of any permanent European settlement. Troops stationed at Tampa Bay, Florida, during the Second Seminole War. Florida was admitted as the 27th state on March 3, 1845. According to the Ocala Star-Banner , … In 1528 Pánfilo de Narváez landed on the shores of Tampa Bay with more than 400 men, intent on learning how this land was connected to Mexico. Battle of the Somme. History. St. Augustine, Florida was an active city for more than four decades before the English established a settlement at Jamestown, By the mid-1700s virtually all of the Native American groups of Florida had been destroyed by disease and wars brought largely by English and indigenous Muskogee raiders from Georgia. After an intermission of eight years, Ponce de León returned to establish a colony in the vicinity of what is now Fort Myers. The capital is Tallahassee, located in the northwestern panhandle. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Florida official who refused to falsify Covid data sues raid police. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, Settlement patterns and demographic trends. Florida Frontiers: The Weekly Newspaper Articles of the Florida Historical Society is a weekly newspaper article covering history-based events, exhibitions, activities, places and people in Florida. to the present. An expedition commanded by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés massacred most of the French colonists in 1565 after founding St. Augustine (San Augustín) nearby. Although the first evidence of farming dates from about 500 bce, some southern groups remained hunters, fishers, and gatherers until their extinction. Florida, constituent state of the United States of America. Its importance as a possession over which European powers fought, however, was considerable. The state received its name from that conquistador, who called the peninsula La Pascua Florida in recognition of the verdant landscape and because it was the Easter season, which the Spaniar… Admission is $10 for adults, $9 for seniors, $5 for children and students, children under 6 are free. The Spanish subsequently ceded Florida to the United States in a treaty that was ratified in 1821, and in 1832 the Seminole were made to accept a treaty that called for their removal to Oklahoma. 1783 - The Spanish regain Florida as part of the Treaty of Paris. Let us explore more about its history, geography, culture, people, economy and more. England received Florida in return for Havana in 1763 and replaced its military government with civilian officials. From their base at Pensacola, the British employed (or otherwise persuaded) Native Americans to harass U.S. settlements during the War of 1812. Florida's Historic Attractions 1821 - The Territory of Florida is established. Florida was the principal location of the Seminole Wars (1816 – 1858), the longest and most extensive of Indian Wars in United States history. World War I. Woodrow Wilson. But in Miami, another essential cultural element is at work. The circus would come to town bringing carnival rides, exotic animals, and “freaks” fascinating for their deformities or special abilities. Florida has 67 counties. They kicked the Spanish out in 1763 and divided the territory into two parts. Today the state is home to millions and has a diverse economy based on tourism, agriculture, and technology industries. The lighthouse is open daily from 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. From dizzying nights out in South Beach and Little Havana, to the art and fashion on parade in the Design District, Miami is the pulse of Florida. When Seminole leader Osceola and a group of his followers refused to give up their land, a series of violent conflicts erupted that came to be known by the white community as the Second Seminole War (1835–42). Nearly 20 years elapsed before Tristán de Luna y Arellano attempted to set up a Spanish colony at Pensacola Bay. After being readmitted to the Union, Florida switched its focus to tourism. Picture of state of Florida in gray – indicating it was not one of the original 36 states to ratify the 19th Amendment. Athanor features student papers from the annual Art History Graduate Symposium hosted by the Department of Art History at Florida State University. Today, well over 10 percent of Florida’s population is Hispanic, giving the state a great mix of cultural identity. 1819 - The United States gains control of Florida through the Adams-Onis Treaty. If you don't have an account yet, make one here. Entrepreneurs built railroad lines in a bid to lure holiday-makers and in 1888, President Grover even visited. Ancient Native American peoples entered Florida from the north as early as 12,000 years ago. The Muskogee, accompanied by a few runaway black slaves and renegade white settlers, ultimately migrated into the Florida area from Georgia and Alabama, where they were collectively called Cimarrones. They epitomize the hyper-relaxed atmosphere that pervades over most of the state, with the exception of Miami. There were roughly 5,000 Seminole in Florida when Gen. Andrew Jackson captured Pensacola in 1818. Even outside of Little Havana, it’s hard not to notice the ethnic diversity in South Florida. Indigenous peoples continued to arrive from the north in small numbers after 500 bce, establishing contacts with Cuba, the Bahamas, and, possibly, the Yucatán region of Mexico. Florida, which joined the union as the 27th state in 1845, is nicknamed the Sunshine State … More than 100 Native American tribes, such as the Seminoles and Apalachee, lived around Florida when the first Spaniards arrived on its shores in 1513. It features research/scholarly articles, poetry, fiction, photography, and other digital arts. Beneath the strip malls, old folks’ homes, and tourist-heavy beach towns, there is a rich spectrum of culture at work in Florida. Inaugurated in 1981, the Art History Graduate Symposium brings together students, professors, and members of the community to share ideas and expertise in a wide variety of art history and humanities topics. The examples below offer a starting point for brainstorming about topics related to this year’s National History Day theme, "Communication in History." Florida is the most populous of the southeastern states and the second most populous Southern state after Texas. A primer on the history of Florida from 10,000 B.C. Florida sided with the British during the American Revolution, but the Spanish returned in 1781 and took back West and East Florida. At the time of European contact in the 16th century, a population of several hundred thousand Native Americans lived in Florida. Simply spend a week in Miami and practice your Spanish because it’s just as prevalent as English. In 1819, Spain ceded all land to America to settle their debt. Welcome to Florida Time, a weekly column about Florida history: from the Fountain of Youth and Walt Disney to the Miami Riots, the extent of Jim … The state’s capital is Tallahassee. The state was settled by Spaniards looking for gold in the 16th century, but had already had a long Native American heritage stretching back millennia before this point. South Florida Sun-Sentinel Articles group 1 Get $10 OFF 'Looking Back II: Broward and Palm Beach Counties' -Shop Now Don't Miss This: 20% OFF the New Yankees History Book -Shop Now Great Depression History. Several competing conquistadors set up forts and towns, some of which remain largely intact today, such as St Augustine. We explore the relevance of Florida history to contemporary society and promote awareness of heritage and culture tourism options in the state. News about Florida, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times. He was mortally wounded near there in 1521 by the indigenous Calusa and died later the same year in Havana, Cuba. Florida History Timeline Important Dates, Events, and Milestones in Florida History. The strong Latino and Cuban populations are on full display. The reading passages are written at the upper elementary student's instructional reading level, so they are also appropriate as independent reading passages for secondary students. 1763 - The British gain control of Florida as a result of the Seven Years' War. First Battle of Marne. 1817 - The First Seminole War occurs. In 1903 the paper reverted back to The Florida Times-Union. The importance of Florida in early American history is often overlooked. These festivities commemorate what news reports, history books, and the organizers describe as Florida’s greatest moment of the Civil War. Three decades of political and social instability followed Florida’s return to Spain after the war, with U.S. expansionist interests in constant conflict with the Spanish presence. See the full list of the 50 states and their borders here. There were frequent raids by English seafarers, including Sir Francis Drake in 1586, and clashes with French colonizers along the northern coasts of the Gulf of Mexico and with English settlers in the Carolina and Georgia colonies. 1835 - The Second Seminole War begins. It's created for Florida natives, Florida transplants and even vacationers who simply love history. The beach towns off the tourist radar are another major facet in Florida’s character. Hop aboard the Florida "way-back" machine to visit rousing eras of wooly mammoths, Native Americans, brave conquistadores, pirates, pioneers, geniuses, millionaires, astronauts and heroes. Students are now able to experience these exhibits from their K-12 classroom through one of our digital learning programs.These programs feature educator-led tours streamed live, allowing students to interact with the educator virtually. Florida History, State Library and Archives of Florida/Public Domain. Shifting alliances among the three powers reflected the vicissitudes of European politics, and St. Augustine and the English ports of Savannah and Charleston to the north of Florida were besieged at various times throughout the first half of the 18th century. We don’t see traveling circuses, carnivals, and “freak shows” around much these days, but there was a time when they were the most popular form of entertainment in the United States. Adding these articles to the internet is a work in process. Florida Articles Resorts - The Pampered Vacation Resorts do indeed present the opportunity for a pampered vacation, and though resorts certainly cost more than conventional lodging, those who are willing to spend a little extra will no doubt experience an unforgettable holiday. Florida Then and Now consists of over 70 readings, questions, teacher notes, reading strategies, and activity sheets for Florida history. Florida Times-Union and Citizen on December 5, 1899. There were roughly 5,000 Seminole in Florida when Gen. Andrew Jackson captured Pensacola in 1818. Of this group, four Spaniards—including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and Estebán, a Moorish slave who was the first black man known to have entered Florida—reached Culiacán, Mexico, in 1536. Within a year, and while still no closer to Mexico than northern Florida, the force was reduced to 15 survivors. 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