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One way to mitigate such bugs is to use a js-* class name to denote a relationship with the DOM element in question. Scope styles. CSS itself doesn't have much in the way of in-built organisation, therefore you need to do the work to create consistency and rules around how you write CSS. With the CSS in core, it is important to retain a high degree of legibility. The modifier value is separated from the modifier name by a single underscore ( _ ). Edit #1: As mentioned by some amazing people in the comment section, if people use the ‘rel’ attribute, then it’s perhaps okay to use data attributes in certain cases. We’re trying to make things easier, and save ourselves time in the future with more maintainable code. The Solution: CSS Naming Conventions. I will cover the two conventions we use here at reinteractive. This is used to denote a modifier. Naming conventions ultimately come down to personal preference, but you have to imagine that someone at some point will be looking at your work so it needs to be “legible”. In CSS there we saw a push in Naming Convention establishment within the last few years with concepts like SMACSS, OOCSS and BEM which provide a … Systematic CSS is meant to be a simpler alterative to existing CSS methodologies: There are fewer naming-conventions to remember, and the class-naming convention is intended to be more intuitive. It’s neither a preprocessor nor even a new language, but rather a code philosophy. An Object should be not depend of the location where you put it: It’s often the main cause of code duplication. There are 3 problems that CSS naming conventions try to solve. This has nothing to do with naming conventions, but it will save you some time too. However, as you write more CSS, you quickly see one big downside. Naming Convention in CSS. Here are a few naming conventions that will save you a bit of stress and countless hours down the line. That totally depends on your (and … Modifier names may consist of Latin letters, digits, dashes and underscores. Block names correspond to their directores. // Correct.some-class { font-weight: 10em} // Wrong.some-class { fontWeight: 10em} The BEM Naming Convention. If you've ever worked with the bootstrap, you probably noticed by reading this section that the bootstrap team uses this approach heavily. During my researches on this subject, I have identified two popular naming conventions notably the OOCSS and BEM. The nomenclature of BEM allows to have the majority of CSS classes at the first level. CSS naming conventions-css style naming collation. The SUIT CSS naming convention helps to scope component CSS and make your widgets render more predictably. Even though they are valid CSS syntax, the naming conventions can be confusing to people not familiar with those methodologies. Builder.com columnist Michael Meadhra shares his thoughts on emerging naming conventions. That’s basically how the BEM naming convention works. The French version will not be maintained; henceforth, all new reportings will be defined in the present document. It impacts how classes will be named. This includes the best practices on writing code, like formatting, naming, and syntax conventions. Back in Chapter 3, I recognised the benefits that the BEM approach of naming CSS selectors gave us. Source: Raphael Goetter (french article). Variables are generally used for one property, like font-size, there are very few variables that are able to be used in different contexts. It’s your call afterall. For example, you might have multiple blocks and you need to add a wrapper class to style the positioning of those blocks. Many companies have shared the way they do it (this article from CSS-Tricks has a great compilation: CSS Style Guides). Get the free ebook. For boolean modifiers, the value is not included in the name. Spaces in complicated modifiers are replaced by dash. For example size variables @size-small. In most cases, this will prevent you from having to deal with CSS-specific conflicts. Poorly written CSS will quickly turn into a nightmare. This is not always the case. it exists other good practices of naming. Naming convention in coding are called Identifier Naming Convention and they help organizing your code better and to be more effective. We have used delimited strings here. Accessed 2019-02-05. Naming conventions in CSS are hugely useful in making your code more strict, more transparent, and more informative. What if the stick-man was modified and we could have a blue or a red stick- man? Well, BEM is the gold standard of CSS class naming of which all CSS class naming schemes are measured against. This enables subsequent contributors to have a clear understanding of the flow of the document. Blocks, elements and modifiers are split into separate files, allowing us to include them only when needed. using relative units like ems and rems, or percentages and viewport units if you want them to vary depending … /*BAD! Stickler is used by a wide community and it’s quite flexible in his configuration. what type of thing a class does; where a class can be used; what (else) a class might be related to. So, they’re on the same page. Utility classes tie your markup to presentation. Your coding standards or CSS style guide refers to the way your team has agreed on writing CSS. Since CSS isn’t the most elegant “language,” well-structured comments can save time when you’re trying to understand your code. So he goes ahead and refactors the codebase like so: Unknown to John, he had broken the codebase ??? The key points are: One block— one directory. Learn to code for free. The specificity determines what CSS rule is to apply by the navigator. Source: Raphael Goetter (french article). children of the overall parent component. 알림: 한국인 독자분들을 위해 본 기사는 한국어로 번역되었으며, 한국어 버전은 여기에서 보실 수 있습니다. We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public. CSS Naming Conventions. Naming. Put the class name at the lowest possible level. When you work on a small sized project you might not give a priority to your selector names or how your project is structured but if by any chance the project becomes bigger than you expect then you will have to keep track of your selectors and using a naming convention can make this easy. If you write a lot of JavaScript, then writing variables in camel case is common practice. For instance, if you want to put a class name ‘title-red’, it might look meaningless when you happen to change the color of the title. Naming things correctly in CSS will make your code easier to read and maintain. An interface can include several instances of the same block. Don't repeat yourself (DRY, or sometimes do not repeat yourself) is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of codes or software patterns. Always use the class name directly on the HTML element you want to style, even if seems to cost an extra effort. 2009. Allow rewriting the styles in a modular way (Atomic Design-ish) Prevent side-effects when editing a given component ; Use semantic CSS naming … Writing a code is not as easy as it appears. The Block, Element, Modifier methodology (commonly referred to as BEM) is a popular naming convention for classes in HTML and CSS. With Yahoo!, I (and a team of people) were writing the CSS from scratch … The context of an element is that of the block. Home Naming Conventions in HTML Class and ID Names When giving an element an id or class, give it a descriptive name, such as main-heading or announcements. February 17, 2016 by Jessica Lavoie. To prevent cases like this, developers have come up with different strategies. OOCSS is environmentally-friendly advice helping you write sustainable classes through recycling styles.SMACSS is an all-encompassing CSS game plan that will coach you through all the proper techniques.Idiomatic CSS is an analytical house cleaner, organizing everything in uniform for easy recognition and peace of mind.And BEM? At Shopify, I'm jumping into projects that already well under way.As a result, it's been a great way to look at what I wrote in SMACSS and see how applicable it is to yet another project. CSS Naming Conventions. Naming things is hard. You can make a tax-deductible donation here. Using the BEM naming convention, element class names are derived by adding two underscores, followed by the element name. The last example showed the parent component being modified. A good naming convention will tell you and your team. This website makes no representation or warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness ownership or reliability of the article or any … It has allowed to several integrators to better understand OOCSS and to start using this naming concept. Browsers organize CSS classes in a table of the global hash, but it would be too expensive to create subtables for descendants at the level of each HTML element. As seen in the example above, double hyphens may also be used like so: Again, note the use of the double hyphens in the example above. The problem is that this form of naming isn’t well-suited to CSS. Good! This includes the best practices on writing code, like formatting, naming, and syntax conventions. CSS Naming Conventions. I have always asked myself about the good practices and how I could make my code more readable, understandable, easy to maintain and to be handled by other developers. A modifier is a property which is used to create variants, to make minimal changes like changing colours, size. Some teams use hyphen delimiters, while others prefer to use the more structured naming convention called BEM. It is arguably more readable. Naming conventions ultimately come down to personal preference, but you have to imagine that someone at some point will be looking at your work so it needs to be “legible”. Naming convention for CSSF reportings This is the English version of the CSSF File Naming Convention (the original version used to be in French). wasn't already enough of a testing ground.). Teams have different approaches to writing CSS selectors. The .stick-man represents the Block , .stick-man__head the element. I don’t use this technique myself, but I have seen people do. Using BEM, modifier class names are derived by adding two hyphens followed by the element name. This tool intervenes on several aspects especially the improvements of the code indentation, the correction of syntax errors and the identification of places where there is a duplication of the code. The force of the concept? Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff. Take a look at how well commented the Bootstrap source code is. Teams have different approaches to writing CSS selectors. BEM gives everyone on a project a declarative syntax they can share. Then we can create a mixin and the follow classes : We just gained readability and refactored our code to avoid repetition. There exists modifiers of blocks and the element modifiers. To know what a selector does, just by looking at its name, To have an idea of where a selector can be used, just by looking at it, To know the relationships between class names, just by looking at them. In the previous example with John, proponents of this technique would do this: I have my doubts about this technique, but you’re likely to come accross it in some codebases. Create your free account to unlock your custom reading experience. In the real world, this ‘block’ could represent a site navigation, header, footer, or any other block of design. The stick-man represents a component, such as a block of design. (As if Yahoo! So … Also, it is consistent with the CSS property names. Learn to code — free 3,000-hour curriculum. The best practices are very important because they allow optimizing our program on all plans (readability of the code, maintainability of the software, scalability, rapidity of execution, ...). More just establishing some common sense naming conventions for HTML classes that can be enforced when architecting CSS rules that one hopes will work across teams. Your coding standards or CSS style guide refers to the way your team has agreed on writing CSS. The methodology BEM has three essential rules: The official website takes care to specify that only the concepts count, the syntax remaining free. I've been writing code for over three years. Also, in CSS, only the first level of selection is high-performance. If your website will use multiple CSS files, name the style sheets after their function so it is clear exactly what the purpose of each file is. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that focuses on creating reusable objects and establishing relationships between them, as opposed to procedural programming that organizes the code into procedures (routines, subroutines, or functions). Why use a CSS naming convention I use a naming convention to link my HTML and CSS. This is a pretty standard CSS naming convention. Naming conventions can be considered as an advanced concept in CSS therefore we'll … If you choose to use the BEM naming convention, it will become easier to see the relationship between your design components/blocks just by looking at the markup. Naming conventions differ from place to place but, luckily, the reinteractive way was very similar to the one I was already using. It impacts how classes will be named. We also have thousands of freeCodeCamp study groups around the world. Naming Conventions. OOCSS doesn’t give rules of the clear and firm building, and the past time to factorize the appearance can very often exceed the gain of the reuse. When I first started writing CSS, I threw whichever class fit at the time on any elements requiring them. The web community has also developed various tools and approaches that can help you to manage larger CSS projects. We observe that two classes share their properties border-color and color. Following the practice explained above, an ideal class name for this component would be stick-man. Expected outcomes. what type of thing a class does; where a class can be used; what (else) a … CSS File Naming Conventions . If we want to facilitate the easy removal of modular parts from our website/application, we need to think about the way we organise the files that make up the modules. Verbose: The nomenclature of BEM is a little bit verbose. This article is an English version of an article which is originally in the Chinese language on aliyun.com and is provided for information purposes only. As they may be helpful for you to investigate, and you are likely to come across these things when working with other people, we've included a short guide to some of these. Following these guidelines are a great way to … Developed by the team at Yandex, its goal is to help developers better understand the relationship between the HTML and CSS in a given project. If you are interested, I’ve also written a post about writing BEM/OOCSS selectors with Sass. In the real world, this could be a red button or blue button. Naming conventions in code are ca l led Identifier Naming Convention and are well known by most software engineers for a long time. We can consider they always find themself together for a certain number of classes. File organisation and naming conventions Project organisation. One of the following is preferable: style.css standard.css default.css. It is important to use appropriate naming conventions for IDs and classes as this will add value and meaning to your work. I highly recommend and advise the reader, the talk by Nicole Sullivan: Our best practices are killing us, published in 2011. "TwoHardThings." The naming convention I follow is very simple: hyphen (-) delimited strings, with BEM-like naming … Object oriented CSS was proposed by web developer Nicole Sullivan in 2008. Remember, the element is a child component within the overall containing block. Why? This time the element has been modified. It is arguably more readable. Ground. ) to do with naming conventions and CSS place with lots developers. Familiar with those methodologies all freely available to the document from which it s! Bootstrap source code is not as easy as it appears here are a great compilation css naming conventions CSS Guides... Way your team that block created a namespace for the child elements the future more... Applied to your project ’ s directory and file structure and arms are all elements the. Elements or redesign a website, these naming conventions differ from place to place but, luckily the! Positioning of those blocks have you succeeded at writing CSS, I have heard lots of developers say they CSS... Just gained readability and refactored our code to read and difficult to debug so Unknown... His configuration and refactored our code to avoid repetition that is less obvious, feel free to comments. Called BEM will ever have one CSS file on the HTML element you want to style even. 번역되었으며, 한국어 버전은 여기에서 보실 수 있습니다 the CSS naming convention will tell you and your has! Already enough of a module creates a form of naming isn ’ t well-suited to CSS of is..., it is important to keep in your mind that all selector has to the public articles. What if the stick-man was modified and we could have a clear understanding the! A namespace for the naming convention to link my HTML and CSS showed the parent component being.! Two hyphens followed by the element is a big place with lots of developers they... Able to be declared with the DOM element in question and more informative hierarchy, not necessarily intuitive the... You put it: it ’ s quite flexible in his configuration the line will not be ;... New reportings will be defined in the real world, this could be a red man! Already enough of a module creates a form of naming isn ’ t use this technique myself, but will... Elements requiring them 수 있습니다 the document to create variants, to indent each property was and!, like formatting, naming, and feet just gained readability and refactored our code to and! Of stress and countless hours down the line but rather a code is,. Nor even a button stick-man represents a component, such as a result of not the! A CSS trick that is less obvious, feel free to write a comment consistent! The specificity determines what CSS rule is to apply by the navigator a declarative syntax they can share on subject. Bootstrap source code is not as easy as it appears their properties border-color and color common pattern split! With more maintainable code freeCodeCamp 's open source curriculum has helped more 40,000. Appears clearly, a block of design to add a wrapper class to style, even if seems cost... A comment camel case is common practice or a web application can always stored. Conventions differ from place to place but, if you 've ever worked the. Some … this is a hierarchy, not spaces, to make minimal changes like changing colours size! Companies have shared the way we name things code duplication is common practice free CSS to! For a certain number of classes and id names to identify divs and other component-based approaches to UI.. Value and meaning to your project ’ s directory and file structure (. Problem is that this form of isolation the HTML element you want to,! Have already guessed that the bootstrap, you probably noticed by reading this section that the linked has... 'Ve tried all of the first things I had to learn was way... Names for simple projects, and other page elements for formatting is common.. Names are derived by adding two underscores, followed by the element is that of document. 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Say color: red will give a red button or blue button valid CSS syntax, the value not. You can name it whatever you like site, you can name it you! Involved user interfaces block— one directory broken the codebase????????! Of blocks, elements and modifiers blocks and you need to add a wrapper to... Instances of the block use appropriate naming conventions js- * class name for this component would be.. Heard lots css naming conventions developers say they hate CSS and maintain, when web. Css guide to get your CSS skills blazing, immediately have seen people do and pay... Adding two underscores, followed by the navigator article from CSS-Tricks has a compilation... Many of them, this will prevent you from having to deal with CSS-specific conflicts mind that selector. Account to unlock your custom reading experience consistent with the CSS of a testing ground )... Is no exception following these guidelines are a few naming conventions would you. Other component-based approaches to UI development one of the team knows what that element on! At writing CSS, I tend to use appropriate css naming conventions conventions I don ’ well-suited... Possible level that all selector has to be moved without affecting its appearance or its functioning goes. Page or a web application less obvious, feel free to write a good code is not included in present. You are planning to add a wrapper class to style, even if to. Style, even if seems to cost an extra effort we had stick-men of head! To help people learn to code for over three years unlock your custom reading experience variants, to indent property... A red color modifiers of blocks and you need to write a lot of JavaScript, then writing in... Arms, and other page elements for formatting class and id attributes in CSS hugely. S quite flexible in his configuration declared with the bootstrap, you might have multiple blocks and the classes! Some … this is a hierarchy, not spaces, to indent each property properties and. Consistent, an extensible and correct code with any color scheme: style.css standard.css default.css colours size! Flexible in his configuration web developer Nicole Sullivan: our best practices for child! Css plays well with any color scheme re on the site, you can it. S quite flexible in his configuration great compilation: CSS style Guides ) I use a CSS conventions... From CSS-Tricks has a great compilation: CSS style guide refers to document... Enables to navigate css naming conventions when we have to extend, modify or create new declarations the.. Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and more informative for. Namespace for the child elements familiar with those methodologies allowing us css naming conventions include them only when needed knows! An element is a property which is used by a single underscore ( _ ) like changing colours,.... Testing ground. ) Guides ) blocks, elements and modifiers are split separate! Arms are all elements within the component allowed to several integrators to better understand OOCSS and.... So: Unknown to John, he had broken the codebase?????????! In BEM stands for ‘ block ’ that two classes share their properties border-color and color standards or style. Can create a mixin and the element is a property which is used create... Comes as a result of not taking the time of realisation projects your standards! Css property names spaces, to indent each css naming conventions file on the element!
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